Determination of original gravity, alcohol and extract content by measuring the density using a flexural oscillator and the sonic velocity in beer or beer-based beverages.
wort, beer, beer-based beverages
The speed of sound in a liquid is a function of the alcohol and extract content and the temperature. Over a travel distance of 5 mm defined by two parallel surfaces, the speed of sound propagates as a function of the concentration of the dissolved substances. The speed of sound is defined by the quotient of the running distance s and the measured time t [1]. The density of the test liquid is a function of the concentrations of alcohol and extract content. Therefore, the actual extract, alcohol and original wort content can be determined from the speed of sound (ν) and the density.
Measuring the turbidity during the lautering process
Lauter wort, wort
If a beam of light strikes a particle with a diameter larger than the wavelength of the light, the light is scattered. In measuring turbidity during the lautering process, it has been shown that only light scattered in a forward direction should be measured to achieve a meaningful correlation between the concentration of solids and the measurement value. Measurements performed at a 90° angle do not correlate with the amount of solids in wort due to particle size and dependence on color. Measurements performed at a 12° angle not only measure the amount of scattered light, but also the absorption (light transmission). The utilization of dual light beams eliminates disruptive factors, such as color, the age of the lamp and window fouling.
Measuring the turbidity during lautering serves to monitor and control lauter bed cutting operations and recirculation of the turbid wort as well as the quality of milling and mashing processes. There is a direct relationship between the turbidity profile during lautering, the results of the photometric iodine test and the solids content of the lauter wort.
This method describes how to determine the hectoliter weight of barley.
Barley intended for the production of malt is evaluated on the basis of the hectoliter weight.
The hectoliter weight determines how many kilograms 100 liters of barley weighs. For this analysis, the weight of a defined sample volume of barley is determined, and the corresponding hectoliter weight is calculated.
One hectoliter of malting barley generally weighs between 68 and 75 kg, although higher values are not unusual (up to 78 kg).
Prior to storage, the moisture content of barley must be determined.
Measurement of the electrical resistance in the ground and pressed sample
This method describes how to determine the extract content of liquid adjuncts by means of relative density measurement.
Adjuncts in liquid form which are soluble in water
Determination of relative density sL 20/20 °C with a pycnometer or other suitable density measurement device
Malt intended for use in beer brewing or elsewhere in the food industry
The determination of the color of the Congress wort is carried out by measuring the absorbance of the wort at 430 nm and then multiplying the value by a specified factor.