Water intended for use as an ingredient in the production of beer (brewing liquor) or other foods
The hydride technique is used to determine the concentration of antimony ions in the water sample. In this process, antimony ions are reduced by sodium tetrahydroborate in an acidic medium. This compound is then transferred using an inert gas into a heated quartz cuvette, is pyrolyzed and measured using AAS.
The absorbance is determined at a wavelength of 217.6 nm, and the antimony concentration is calculated using a reference curve.
Water intended for use as an ingredient in the production of beer (brewing liquor) or other foods
The hydride technique is used to determine the concentration of arsenic ions in the water sample. In this process, arsenic ions are reduced by sodium tetrahydroborate in an acidic medium to arsine. This compound is then transferred using an inert gas into a heated quartz cuvette, is pyrolyzed and measured using AAS.
The absorbance is determined at a wavelength of 193.7 nm, and the arsenic concentration is calculated using a reference curve.
Water intended for use as an ingredient in the production of beer (brewing liquor) or other foods
The lead content is determined by employing a flameless method which utilizes graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. This technique is suitable for determining the lead content of water with very little lead contamination. Any matrix effects can be eliminated by using the standard additions calibration technique.
An aliquot of the sample is dosed into a graphite tube and is subsequently subjected to a program comprising a three-step temperature regime through electrothermic resistance heating. As the temperature increases in each step, the consecutive steps include drying, matrix pyrolysis (incineration) and thermal dissociation into free atoms (atomization). These can be carried out separately. During the analysis, the graphite tube is under an inert gas atmosphere (argon).
Also important for graphite furnace AAS is background correction, which can be achieved using a continuum radiation source (deuterium) or through the Zeemann effect. Background correction with the Zeemann effect is used for particularly difficult sample matrices.
A hollow-cathode lamp or an electrodeless discharge lamp, which contains the relevant element in gaseous state, usually serves as the light source.
Water intended for use as an ingredient in the production of beer (brewing liquor) or other foods
The cadmium content is determined by employing a flameless method which utilizes graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. This technique is suitable for determining the cadmium content of water with very little cadmium contamination. Any matrix effects can be eliminated by using the standard additions calibration technique.
An aliquot of the sample is dosed into a graphite tube and is subsequently subjected to a program comprising a three-step temperature regime through electrothermic resistance heating. As the temperature increases in each step, the consecutive steps include drying, matrix pyrolysis (incineration) and thermal dissociation into free atoms (atomization). These can be carried out separately. During the analysis, the graphite tube is under an inert gas atmosphere (argon).
Also important for graphite furnace AAS is background correction, which can be achieved using a continuum radiation source (deuterium) or through the Zeemann effect. Background correction with the Zeemann effect is used for particularly difficult sample matrices.
A hollow-cathode lamp or an electrodeless discharge lamp, which contains the relevant element in gaseous state, usually serves as the light source.
Water intended for use as an ingredient in the production of beer (brewing liquor) or other foods
The chromium content is determined by employing a flameless method which utilizes graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. This technique is suitable for determining the chromium content of water with very little chromium contamination. Any matrix effects can be eliminated by using the standard additions calibration technique.
An aliquot of the sample is dosed into a graphite tube and is subsequently subjected to a program comprising a three-step temperature regime through electrothermic resistance heating. As the temperature increases in each step, the consecutive steps include drying, matrix pyrolysis (incineration) and thermal dissociation into free atoms (atomization). These can be carried out separately. During the analysis, the graphite tube is under an inert gas atmosphere (argon).
Also important for graphite furnace AAS is background correction, which can be achieved using a continuum radiation source (deuterium) or through the Zeemann effect. Background correction with the Zeemann effect is used for particularly difficult sample matrices.
A hollow-cathode lamp serves as the light source.
Water intended for use as an ingredient in the production of beer (brewing liquor) or other foods
Mercury is reduced by sodium tetrahydroborate to its elemental form by allowing it to flow over a precious metal (e.g., a gold-platinum mesh) with the evolving hydrogen along with the assistance of an inert gas. By rapidly heating the adsorbent, the mercury is released again. It is transferred into a cuvette using a carrier gas where the absorbance is measured.
This method is described as a cold vapor technique.