Determination of the density of a liquid by means of an oscillating U-tube device
wort, beer, beer-based beverages, non-alcoholic beverages, beverages, liquids
Determining the density with a digital density measuring device is performed by the electric excitation of a measurement cell (oscillating U-tube) filled with the solution to be analyzed. As the solution increases in density (corresponding to an increase in mass at the same volume in the measurement cell), this has an effect on the oscillation period (resonance frequency) in the measurement cell. The density can then be calculated from the oscillation period and from this value, the other quantities, e.g., extract content, can be extrapolated [1, 2, 3].
Determination/calculation of original gravity, alcohol and real extract content after distillation of beer, beer-based beverages or beverages.
Beer, beer-based beverages, beverages
After distillation of the sample, the original gravity, alcohol and real extract content of the beer in beer-based beverages or other beverages can be determined from the densities of the distillate and residue.
Determination of original gravity, alcohol and extract content by measuring the density using a flexural oscillator and the sonic velocity in beer or beer-based beverages.
wort, beer, beer-based beverages
The speed of sound in a liquid is a function of the alcohol and extract content and the temperature. Over a travel distance of 5 mm defined by two parallel surfaces, the speed of sound propagates as a function of the concentration of the dissolved substances. The speed of sound is defined by the quotient of the running distance s and the measured time t [1]. The density of the test liquid is a function of the concentrations of alcohol and extract content. Therefore, the actual extract, alcohol and original wort content can be determined from the speed of sound (ν) and the density.
beer, beer-based beverages, beverages
The refraction of a light beam as it passes from an optically less dense (sample liquid) to an optically denser medium (prism) is a function of concentration (alcohol/extract), temperature and wavelength. The density of the test liquid is a function of the concentrations of alcohol and extract content. Therefore, from the refractive index (or alternatively the refractive index nD20 and the density or the SGA20/20, the real extract), the alcohol and original gravity can be determined from nomograms or using regression equations.